★ Free tutorial · Grade 2

Shapes: a gentle walkthrough for Grade 2

Sides and corners, solids and faces, halves, and fold lines. A short 24-question test waits at the end.

1 · Flat shapes

Flat shapes have sides (the straight edges) and corners (where two sides meet). A triangle has 3 sides and 3 corners. A square and a rectangle have 4. A circle is round: no sides, no corners.

triangle: 3 sides
square: 4 sides
rectangle: 4 sides
circle: 0 sides

2 · Count the sides

A shape's name tells how many sides it has. Pentagon: 5. Hexagon: 6. Octagon: 8, like a stop sign.

Count the corners too: a shape always has the same number of corners as sides.

pentagon: 5 sides, 5 corners
hexagon: 6
octagon: 8

3 · Square or rectangle?

Both have 4 sides and 4 square corners. A square has all 4 sides the same length (the tick marks). A rectangle has 2 long sides and 2 short sides.

A square is a special rectangle, so every square is a rectangle too.

square: all sides equal
rectangle: long and short

4 · Turn it: still the same shape

Turn a square on its corner and it is still a square. Some people call it a diamond, but the sides and corners have not changed.

A shape's name depends on its sides and corners, not on which way it is sitting.

a square
the same square, turned

5 · Solid shapes

Solid shapes are not flat: you can hold them. A cube is like a dice. A sphere is like a ball. A cylinder is like a can. A cone is like a party hat.

cube
sphere
cylinder
cone

6 · Faces: the flat parts

A face is a flat side of a solid. A cube has 6 square faces. A box (rectangular prism) has 6 faces too. A cylinder has 2 flat faces, top and bottom. A sphere has none.

Solids with a curved part can roll: sphere, cylinder, cone. A cube can only slide.

face
a face is one flat side
box: 6 faces
pyramid: a square bottom and 4 triangle faces

7 · Shapes in the world

Look around: a ball is a sphere, a soup can is a cylinder, a dice is a cube, a cereal box is a rectangular prism, an ice-cream cone is a cone.

Flat shapes are everywhere too: a clock face is a circle, a door is a rectangle, a slice of pizza is a triangle.

8 · Halves and quarters of a shape

Cut a shape into 2 equal parts and each part is a half. Cut it into 4 equal parts and each is a quarter.

The parts must be the same size. A rectangle cut into 2 parts of different sizes is not cut in half.

one half
one quarter
two quarters = one half

9 · Symmetry: the fold line

A shape is symmetrical if you can fold it so both halves match exactly. The fold line is the line of symmetry.

A square has 4 fold lines. A rectangle has 2. A triangle with 2 equal sides has 1, straight down the middle.

rectangle: 2 fold lines
triangle: 1 fold line

10 · Shapes made of shapes

Two triangles can make a square. Two squares side by side make a rectangle. Six triangles make a hexagon.

Look for the cut lines and count the pieces.

2 triangles make a square
2 squares make a rectangle
6 triangles make a hexagon

11 · Sorting by a rule

Shapes can be sorted by a rule: "has 4 sides," "has a curve," "has 3 corners." A triangle, a square, and a hexagon all have straight sides. A circle and an oval have curves.

Which does not belong? Find the one that breaks the rule the others share.

ABCD
D does not belong: it has no corners

12 · Shape riddles

"I have 4 sides. All my sides are the same length. What am I?" A square. "I have no corners and I can roll." A sphere. "I have 6 sides." A hexagon.

Read every clue, then pick the shape that fits all of them. You are ready for the test! 🎉

Ready to check what stuck?

Take the free 24-question test. It starts easy and builds to harder, ISEE-style reasoning. It's auto-scored, and you can review every answer afterward.